Amirhossein Tayebi; Mehdi Rezaei; Mahmood Bakhtiyari; Mana Mohamadi Afrakoti
Volume 25, Issue 2 , 2023
Abstract
Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) is the virus causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Apart from respiratory disease, this virus can affect different organs.
Objectives: Therefore, multiple mechanisms have been hypothesized for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in ...
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Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) is the virus causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Apart from respiratory disease, this virus can affect different organs.
Objectives: Therefore, multiple mechanisms have been hypothesized for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in COVID-19. In this study, we evaluate the incidence and prognosis of AKI in COVID-19 patients.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study assessed 397 COVID-19 patients hospitalized between April 1, 2020, and September 30, 2021. Patients with a sudden rise of serum creatinine level, more than 0.3 mg/dl in two days or more than 50% of the initial level in one week, were diagnosed with AKI. Demographic, laboratory, and clinical features were compared in AKI patients with patients without AKI.
Results: A total of 397 patients with a mean age ± standard deviation of 55.42 ± 15.26 years were included in the study. According to diagnostic criteria, 48 (12.1%) patients developed AKI. Old age, a history of hypertension, and chronic renal failure were suggested as risk factors for AKI. High levels of C-Reactive Protein, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Lactate Dehydrogenase, D-dimer, and serum phosphorus upon arrival were also associated with an increased risk of AKI. In addition, the incidence of hypernatremia and hyperkalemia increased mortality in patients with AKI.
Conclusion: The incidence of AKI in admitted COVID-19 patients affects the duration of hospitalization, the chance of ICU admission, and mortality. It is important to limit the use of nephrotoxic drugs and to maintain water-electrolyte balance to prevent the incidence of AKI and improve the outcome.
Mohammad Sadidi; Mahmood Bakhtiyari; Amirhesam Alirezaei
Volume 21, Issue 2 , 2019, Pages 1-7
Abstract
Background: Some data suggest the protective effect of Portulaca oleracea against renal failure and its association with the preser-vation of the renal antioxidant status and the regulation of apoptosis.Objectives: The current study aimed to examine the renoprotective effects of treatment with Portulaca ...
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Background: Some data suggest the protective effect of Portulaca oleracea against renal failure and its association with the preser-vation of the renal antioxidant status and the regulation of apoptosis.Objectives: The current study aimed to examine the renoprotective effects of treatment with Portulaca oleracea (PO), a prominenthydrogen sulfide donor, in a 5/6 nephrectomy animal model.Methods: In this experimental study, 32 adult male Wistar rats, initially weighting 200 - 250 g, were housed under standard con-ditions since the beginning of April 2017 until the end of January 2018. The effect of PO extract on renal dysfunction induced bygentamicin was studied. The male rats were treated with two selected doses of PO (i.e., 200 and 600 mg/kg p.o.) and normal saline(5 mL/kg p.o.) for 28 consecutive days. Gentamicin (80 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally [i.p.]) was administered to two groups for sevendays, and they were considered as the PO200 and PO600 gentamicin groups, respectively, while the group administered normalsaline (5 mL/kg p.o.) for 35 consecutive days was considered as the control group. The rats were anesthetized on day 36. Then, theywere sacrificed under deep anesthesia, and plasma and tissue samples were obtained.Results: Treatment with PO decreased the renal histological damages and apoptosis induced by gentamicin and enhanced renalfunction parameters compared to the gentamicin group.Conclusions: The present findings provide strong evidence to support the traditional medicinal use of this herb by the tribal peoplein the treatment of renal impairment. Finally, these results support the therapeutic effect of PO in preventing the development ofrenal dysfunction.
Mohammad Fathi; Nilofar Massoudi; Amirhesam Alirezaei; Mahmood Bakhtiyari
Volume 20, Issue 10 , 2018, Pages 1-8
Abstract
Background: Metabolic acidosis following kidney transplantation can lead to several undesirable effects such as disturbing the protein balance resulting in a negative nitrogen equilibrium, increased protein degradation, and essential amino acid oxidation. Objectives: The current study aimed tocompare ...
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Background: Metabolic acidosis following kidney transplantation can lead to several undesirable effects such as disturbing the protein balance resulting in a negative nitrogen equilibrium, increased protein degradation, and essential amino acid oxidation. Objectives: The current study aimed tocompare the effect of normal saline as a common crystalloid in kidney transplant surgery to reduce the risk of hyperkalemia and sodium bicarbonate on the metabolic acidosis rate after renal transplantation. Methods: A total of 40 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and candidates receiving renal transplant from a living donor referring to the kidney transplantation department of a University affiliated hospital, Tehran, Iran, that meeting the inclusion cri- teria of this study, were randomly assigned to the intervention group, who were treated with sodium bicarbonate, and the control group, who were treated with normal saline. The primary outcomes measured in this study were acidosis biomarkers including BE, HCO3, PaCO2, and PH and the secondary outcomes included some inflammatory biomarkers and some renal function biomarkers.Results: The mean ± standard deviation of age in the intervention and control groups was 44.4 ± 12.4 and 40.0 ± 13.0, respectively (P = 0.01). A total of 29 of the participants were male (14 in the intervention group and 15 in the control group), and 11 of them (six in the intervention group and five in the control group) were female. The mean ± standard deviation of change in the concentration of PH, BE, HCO3, and PaCO2 in the intervention and control groups was 0.01 ± 0.1 and -0.08 ± 0.1 (P < 0.001); 0.61 ± 4.2 and -3.8 ± 2.6 (P < 0.001); 0.36 ± 2.9 and -2.67 ± 2.1 (P: 0.001); and 0.8 ± 5.4 and 1.4 ± 5.3 (P: 0.799), respectively. Conclusions: The present study revealed that the patients who received sodium bicarbonate had a better status than the normal saline recipients in terms of the maintenance of acid-base homeostasis, inflammatory indexes, and renal function.
Hassan Argani; Amirhesam Alirezaei; Amir Ghorbanihaghjo; Tabasom Azizi; Massomeh Asgharpour; Mahmood Bakhtiyari
Volume 20, Issue 3 , 2018, Pages 1-7
Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence implies that Adipocytokines may result in cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and metabolic changes in the general population and also increase graft failure rate in the renal transplant recipient.Objectives: To compare the serum levels of Adipocytokines and lipid profiles ...
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Background: Increasing evidence implies that Adipocytokines may result in cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and metabolic changes in the general population and also increase graft failure rate in the renal transplant recipient.Objectives: To compare the serum levels of Adipocytokines and lipid profiles in renal transplant recipients with healthy individuals. Methods: In a case-control study undertaken from the beginning of 2015 to December 2016; 30 renal transplant recipients, with sta- ble conditions, whose renal transplant at least survived well over six months, were randomly selected to be the case group. Besides, 30 healthy individuals who referred to the transplantation clinic as the patients’ attendants were considered as the control group. The serum levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, Adiponectin, Visfatin, Leptin, and the Lipid profiles were measured after 12 hours of fasting and were compared between the two groups.Results: The serum levels of Adipocytokines including IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, Visfatin, and Leptin were significantly higher in renal trans- plant recipients than in healthy individuals (P <0.001) and the serum level of adiponectin (P < 0.004) was significantly lower in the renal transplant recipients. Linear regression results indicated that in the renal transplant group, only the Visfatin had a sig- nificant negative correlation with age (Unstandardized Coefficient = -0.104, P = 0.002). There were significant positive correlations between Leptin with cholesterol (P = 0.005), triglyceride (P = 0.008), and LDL (P = 0.014) in the healthy individuals, however, these re- lationships were not found in the renal transplant recipients and only a significant negative correlation was found between Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and cholesterol levels (P = 0.01). Conclusions: The findings of the present study demonstrated that renal transplant recipients suffer from inflammation and ac- companying changes in levels of Adipocytokines in comparison with healthy controls
